- Choosing your map (Type, Scale & Things to consider)
- Understanding the topographic map elements
- Recognizing topographic map features
- Sourcing digital & physical topographic maps
- Understanding contour lines
- Understanding some topographic terms
- Understanding the elevations & slopes
- Matching Your Map to the Landscape
- How to read a topographic map
- How to locate yourself & navigate with just a map
- How to draw a topographic profile
- Estimating a distance from a map
- Estimate your walking time
- How to use pace count to measure ground
- Three norths & bearings
- Forward bearing and back bearing
- Compass abilities & limitations
- How to shoot and follow a bearing
- Orient your compass to geographic north
- How to orient your map
- How to navigate using a compass
- Magnetic declination
- Taking & following a bearing
- Match your map to the terrain using bearings
- Techniques to locate yourself on your map
- Estimate how far away you are to a landmark
- How to retrace your steps
- How to navigate with estimates
- How to guarantee arriving at your destination
- How to choose your hike itinerary
- Special orientation challenges in different conditions